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U2896B
Modulation PLL for GSM, DCS and PCS Systems
Description
The U2896B is a monolithic integrated circuit manufactured using Atmel Wireless & Microcontrollers' advanced silicon bipolar UHF5S technology. The device integrates a mixer, an I/Q modulator, a phase-frequency detector (PFD) with two synchronous programmable dividers, and a charge pump. The U2896B is designed for cellular phones such as GSM900, DCS1800, and PCS1900, applying a transmitter architecture at which the VCO operates at the TX output frequency. No duplexer is needed since the out-of-band noise is very low. The U2896B exhibits low power consumption. Broadband operation provides high flexibility for multi-band frequency mappings. The IC is available in a shrinked small-outline 36-pin package (SSO36). Electrostatic sensitive device. Observe precautions for handling.
Features
D Supply voltage range 2.7 V to 5.5 V D Current consumption 40 mA D Power-down functions D High-speed PFD and charge pump (CP) D Small CP saturation voltages (0.5/0.6 V) D Programmable LO divider and CP polarity D Low-current standby mode
Benefits
D Novel TX architecture saves filter costs D Extended battery operating time without duplexer D Less board space (few external components) D VCO control without voltage doubler D Small SSO36 package D One device for all GSM bands
Block Diagram
VS1 GND1 I NI 6 3 4 7 8 Modulator 51 2 Q NQ 36 LO VRef 90 Mixer 24 31 29 28 30 35 23 PU NMIXOMIXO PUMIX MIXLO 32 33 34 25
MDLO NMDLO MDO NMDO
M 1:2 1:4
NMIXLO VS3 RF NRF GND3
22 ND NND 15 RD NRD 16 R 1:2 Mode control 17 MC 27 26 13 14 12 20 21 N 1:2 MUX PFD Charge pump 11 10
VSP CPO GNDP PCH
VS2 GND2
CPCL CPCH
Figure 1. Block diagram
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
1 (13)
U2896B
Ordering Information
Extended Type Number U2896B-MFCG3 Package SSO36 Taped and reeled Remarks
Pin Description
NI MDLO NMDLO GND1 VSI 1) MDO NMDO SUB
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
35 NQ 34 PUMIX 33 MIXO 32 NMIXO 31 VS3 1) 30 GND3 29 RF 28 NRF 27 VS2
1)
VSP 10 CPO 11 GNDP 12 CPCL 13 CPCH 14 RD 15 NRD 16 MC 17 CGNDP 18
14892
26 GND2 25 MIXLO 24 NMIXLO 23 PU 22 ND 21 NND 20 PCH 19 CSU
Figure 2. Pinning
2 (13)
AAAAAAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAA AAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA AAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAA A AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 I In-phase baseband input Complementary to I I/Q-modulator LO input Ground NI MDLO GND1 MDO SUB VSP CPO NMDLO VS1 1) Complementary to MDLO Supply I/Q modulator I/Q modulator NMDO Complementary to MDO Supply charge pump Ground Substrate, connected to GND Charge-pump output 10 12 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 11 GNDP CPCH RD NRD MC 13AAAA CPCL Charge-pump current control GSM1800 Charge-pump current control GSM900 R-divider input Mode control Complementary to RD CGNDP CSU PCH ND PU GND for charge-pump blocking (optional) Charge-pump blocking (optional) Complementary to ND N-divider input Precharge for loop filter (optional) NND Power-up. whole chip, except mixer Mixer LO input Supply (MISC) NMIXLO Complementary to MIXLO MIXLO VS2 1) NRF RF 26AAAA GND2 Ground Complementary to RF Mixer RF input Ground Supply mixer Mixer output GND3 VS3
1)
I
1
36 Q
Pin
Symbol
Function
NMIXO MIXO NQ Q PUMIX
Complementary to MIXO Power-up mixer
Complementary to Q
Quad-phase baseband input
1)
Between the Pins VS1, VS2 and VS3 the allowed maximum voltage is 200 mV
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
AAA AA A AA A A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A AA A A AAA AAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AAA AA AAAA AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AA A AA A A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAA AA A AA A A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAA AA A AA A A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAA AA A AA A A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA AA AAAA AAA AAAAAAAAA AA A AA A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A
Electrical Characteristics Thermal Resistance
Junction ambient SSO36 Ambient temperature Supply voltage Parameters Symbol RthJA VVSP Tamb -20 to +85 2.7 to 5.5 Value 130 K/W Unit C V Rev. A3, VS = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Tamb = -20C to +85C, final test at 25C Input capacitance Input sensitivity (diff.) Input impedance R:1 divider frequency N:1 divider frequency N & R divider inputs ND, NND & RD, NRD Supply current IVSP pp y Supply current IVS3 pp y Supply current IVS2 pp y Supply current IVS1 pp y Supply voltage VSP Supply voltages VS# DC supply Parameters
AAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A A AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A
Operating Range
Supply voltage Storage temperature Ambient temperature CPC output currents Parameters Symbol VVS# | ICPC | Tamb Tstg -40 to +125 -20 to +85 2.7 to 5.5 Value 5 Unit mA C C V
AAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA AAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA A AA
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Current at any input / output pin except CPC Voltage at any input Supply voltage charge pump VSP Supply voltage VS1, VS2, VS3 Parameters | II# | | IO# | Symbol VVSP VVS# VVi# -0.5 v VVi# v VVS# +0.5 v VVSP Value 5.5 2
05-Oct-00
1)
Active & standby
50- source
Active & standby
50- source
50- source
Standby (VPU = 0)
Active (VPU = VS, CPO open)
Standby (VPUMIX = 0)
Active (VPUMIX = VS)
Standby (VPU = 0)
Active (VPU = VS)
Standby (VPU = 0)
Active (VPU = VS)
VVS1 = VVS2 = VVS3
Test Conditions / Pin
VRD, VND
CRD, CND
ZRD, ZND
Symbol
IVSPY
IVS3Y
IVS3A
IVS2Y
IVS2A
IVS1Y
IVS1A
IVSPA
VVSP
VVS#
fND
fRD
VVS# - 0.3
Min.
10
100
100
2.7
2)
see figure 11
Typ.
2.2
14
13
11
U2896B
Max.
200
600
600
0.5
2.8
5.5
5.5
20
30
17
20
22
20
21
Unit
mA
mVrms
V
V
V
MHz
MHz
Unit
3 (13) mA mA mA mA A A A A pF V V
AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA A A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAA AAA AAAAAA AA A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA A A A AA AA A A AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA A A A A A A A AAAAAAA AAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAA A A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A AAA A A AAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA A A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAA A A A A A A AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A A A AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA A A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AA A A A A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
VS = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Tamb = -20C to +85C, final test at 25C
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
U2896B
4 (13) MIXO LO spurious at RF/NRF port MIXLO input level Output resistance RF input level Mixer (900 MHz) Frequency range Noise IF spurious 6)
6)
Sideband suppression
Carrier suppression
MDO output level (differential)
Voltage compliance
Internal pull-up resistor
DC current
I/Q modulator outputs MDO, NMDO
Input level
Input impedance
MDLO
I/Q modulator LO input MDLO
AC voltage
AC voltage
MD_IQ
DC voltage
fND = 600 MHz, N = 2 fRD = 600 MHz, R = 2 Frequency comparison fND = 600 MHz, N = 2 only 4) fRD = 450 MHz, R = 2 I/Q modulator baseband inputs I, NI & Q, NQ
PFD operation
Phase-frequency detector (PFD)
Parameters
6)
5)
5a)
6)
Frequency range
@P9MIXLO = -10dBm @ P9RF = -15 dBm 0.05 to 2 GHz
900 MHz
@ 400 kHz off carrier
Measured differential Pins 7 and 8 Measured differential Pins 7 and 8 fLO 3 fmod
615 to VS 1.5 pF external load Mode 2 Mode 1 and 3
VMDO, VNMDO = VC
VMDO, VNMDO = VS
@ 900 MHz active & standby 50- source
Frequency range
Differential (preferres)
Referred to GND
Frequency range
Referred to GND
Test Conditions / Pin
6)
VCMDO, VCNMDO VS - 0.7
VI, VNI, VQ, VNQ
RMIXO, RNMIXO
RMDO, RNMDO
IMDO, INMDO
ACI, ACNI, ACQ, ACNQ ACDI, ACDQ
P9MIXLO
Symbol
CSMDO
SPMDO
SSMDO
ZMDLO
PMDLO
fMDLO
SP9RF
NMDO
fMIXO
PMDO PMDO
fMDO
P9RF
fPFD
fFD
fIO
Min.
1.35
-22
-23AAAA
100AAAA
-35
-32
-20
100
113 57
50
50
0
540||1.5
VS1/2
Typ.
650
-50
-40
-35
615
-10
400
200
0.8
Rev. A3, Max. -115 450 -12 -40 -17 450 -45 170 85 900 400 300 5.5 -5 1
VS1/2+0.1
05-Oct-00
dBc/Hz mVpp mVpp mVpp mVpp ||pF MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz dBm dBm dBm dBm Unit dBc dBc dBc mA V V
AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAA A AA A A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A AAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAAA A AA A A A AA A A A AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA A AA A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A A A A AA A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA A A AA A A A AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAA A AA A A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAA A AA A A A AA A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA A A AA A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A A A A A A AA A A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AAA AAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA A AA A A A AA A A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA A A AA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A A AA A A AA A A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AA A AA A A A AA A AA A A A A AAAA AAA AA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA AA A AA A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A AAA AAA AAA AA AAAAA AAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAAAAA AAAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A A A AA A AAAAAAAAAAAA AAAAA AAAAAAA AAAAAAA A A AA A A AA A A
Mode control Mode 3 VMC < 0.5 V IMC Mode 2 VMC = VS - 1 V IMC Mode 1 VMC = VS IMC Power-up input PU (power-up for all functions, except mixer) Settling time Output power within 10% SPU of steady state values High level Active VPUH Low level Standby VPUL High-level current Active, VPUH = 2.2 V IPUH Low-level current Standby, VPUL = 0.4 V IPUL Power-up input PUMIX (power-up for mixer only) Settling time Output power within 10% tsetl of steady state values High level Active VPUMIXH Low level Standby VPUMIXL High-level current Active, VPUMIXH = 2.2 V IPUMIXH Low-level current Standby, IPUMIXL VPUMIXL = 0.4 V VCPO voltage range @ P19MIXLO = -17 dBm IF = 200 MHz P19MIXO IF = 400 MHz P19MIXO Carrier suppression @ P19MIXLO = -17 dBm CS19MIXO Charge-pump output CPO (VVSP = 5 V; VCPO = 2.5 V) Pump-current pulse RCPCH 9) = 2.4 k | ICPO_H | 10) = 4.7 k Pump-current pulse RCPCL | ICPO_L | Sensivity to VVSP SICPO DI DV VSP | CPO | | | I CPO V VSP Carrier suppression Mixer (1900 MHz) Output resistance RF input level LO spurious at RF/NRF ports MIXLO input level MIXO Output level 8) differential Parameters Output level 7) differential VS = 2.7 to 5.5 V, Tamb = -20C to +85C, final test at 25C
Rev. A3,
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
05-Oct-00
| ICPO | degradation < 10% (VVSP = 2.7 V to 5 V) 0.5 to 2 GHz @ P19MIXLO = -10 dBm @ P19RF = -15 dBm 0.05 to 2 GHz Test Conditions / Pin @P9MIXLO = -15dBm IF = 200 MHz IF = 400 MHz @P9MIXLO = -15dBm RMIXO, RNMIXO P19RF SP19RF P19MIXLO P9MIXO P9MIXO CS9MIXO Symbol VCPO Min. -20 -22 -23 -20 2.0 0 0.1 -1 2.0 0 0.5 3.0 1.4 -1 Typ. -30 10 10 226 113 650 226 113 4.0 2.0 5 5 VVSP-0.6 Max. -200 20 20 -12 -17 -40 0.4 70 20 0.4 70 20 5.0 2.6 0.1 10 10
U2896B
mVpp mVpp dBc
mVpp mVpp dBc
dBm
dBm dBm
Unit
mA mA -
V V A A
V V A A
A A A
s
s
V
5 (13)
U2896B
1) 2) 4) 5) 5a) 6)
7) 8) 9) 10)
Mean value, measured with FND = 151 MHz, FRD = 150 MHz, current vs. time, figure 3 For optimized noise performance this voltage level may be higher PFD can be used as a frequency comparator up to 300 MHz for loop acquisition Single-ended operation (complementary baseband input is AC-grounded) leads to reduced linearity (degrading suppression of odd harmonics) For all 3 active modes and standby, measured at Pin 3 at 900 MHz with Pin 4 AC gounded I/Q baseband input: differential sin and cos signals with 200 mV amplitude (400 mVpp) and 100 kHz frequency from a low-ohmic source (< 1 k). MDLO drive power is - 10 dBm, available power from a 50- generator. No DC offset between I and NI (or Q and NQ) is allowed and no amplitude differences between I/NI and Q/NQ. For nonideal IQ-input signals an application note is available on request. At 1 dB input compression point (-17 dBm) and output loaded with C = 1.5 pF to GND - 1 dB compression point C = 1.5 pF to GND RCPCH: external resistor to GND for charge-pump current control (MODE 3 only Pin 14 active) RCPCL: external resistor to GND for charge-pump current control (MODE 1 and 2 only Pin 13 active)
Supply Current of the Charge Pump IVSP vs. Time
Due to the pulsed operation of the charge pump, the current into the charge-pump supply Pin VSP is not constant. Depending on I (see figure 6) and the phase difference at the phase-detector inputs, the current IVSP over time varies. Basically, the total current is the sum of the quiescent current, the charge-/discharge current, and - after each phase comparison cycle - a current spike (see figure 3).
Table 1. Internal current |ICPC| vs. RCPC (typical values)
Up Down 2.5 ICPCO IVSP 1.5 I CPCO I ICPCO ICPO -ICPCO
14913
t
RCPC 19.2 k 9.6 k 4.8 k 2.4 k
|ICPCO| 0.5 mA 1 mA 2 mA 4 mA
t
Figure 3. Supply current of the charge pump
Mode Selection
The device can be programmed to different modes via an external resistor RMODE (including short, open) from Pin MC to VS2. The mode is distinguished from specific N-, R-divider ratios, and the polarity of the charge-pump selection.
Table 2. Mode selection
Mode Selection 1) N 1 VMC = VS2 + 0 V/ - 0.2 V 2 VMC = (VS2 - 1 V) +/ - 0.2 V 3 VMC < 0.5 V
1) 2)
Divider R 1:2 1:2 1:2 M 1:2 1:4 1:2
CPO Current Polarity Application fn < fR 2) Source Source Sink fn > fR Sink Sink Source GSM1900 GSM1800 GSM900
CPCH Active
CPCL Active x x
1:2 1:2 1:2
x
See figure 13 Frequencies referred to PDF input
6 (13)
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
U2896B
Equivalent Circuits at the IC's Pins
2 x 615 W VS1 VBias_MDLO MDO NMDO 2230 I,Q MDLO NI, NQ VRef_input VRef_MDLO VRef_output 2230
GND Baseband inputs LO input Figure 4. I/Q modulator Output
14893
1 k RF 890 NRF VBias_RF 890 MIXLO
1 k VBias_LO 1.6 k 1.6 k 650 W NMIXO 650 W MIXO VS3
VRef_RF
VRef_LO
GND RF input LO output Figure 5. Mixer Output
14894
4 4 I
VSP
up Ref CPCL CPCH n = Transistor with an emitter-area factor of "n" Figure 6. Charge pump VRef n n Ref
down
CPO I GNDP
14896
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
7 (13)
U2896B
VS2 PU, PUMIX ND/RD 2 k NND/NRD 2 k Figure 9. Power-up VRef_div GND
14899
20 k
GND
14897
C (U) 0.5 pF @ 2 V C (U) is a non-linear junction capacitance
Figure 7. Dividers Figure 10. ESD-protection diodes
14900
VS2
Rc RD / ND
M-divider
Rd
Logic MUX 18 k MC
Cc Cd Rc
NRD / NND Cc Cc = 0.6 pF Rc = 4.5 k / [1 + (f (MHz) / 600)3] Cd = 1.3 pF Rd = 7.0 k / [1 + (f (MHz) / 600)3] Model valid up to 1.5 GHz
GND Figure 8. Mode control Figure 11. Smal signal equivalent circuit for the R- and N-dividers (Pins 15/16 and 21/22)
8 (13)
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
U2896B
Application Hints
Interfacing For some baseband ICs it may be necessary to reduce the I/Q voltage swing so that it can be handled by the U2896B. In those cases, the following circuitry can be used. Precharge (Optional) By applying a "high" signal to PCH (Pin 20) the loop filter at CPO is precharged to approximately VSupply /2. Mode Control
R1 I R1 NI Baseband IC Q R1 NQ R1
14901
VS2 I R2 C 18k 10k MC
Mode 1
NI U2896B Q C NQ
2.8 V
R2
GND
VS2 Figure 12. Interfacing the U2896B to I/Q baseband circuits 10k
Mode 2
2.8 V 18k
MC
Due to a possible current offset in the differential baseband inputs of the U2896B the best values for the carrier suppression of the I/Q modulator can be achieved with voltage driven I/NI-, and Q/NQ-inputs. A value of Rsource = R2/2 parallel to RS should be realized that is below 1.5 k. RS is the sum of R1 (above drawing) and the output resistance of the baseband IC. This results in Rsource = (R2 x RS) / (2 RS + R2).
GND
VS2
Mode 3
2.8 V 18k
MC
GND
Charge-Pump Blocking (Optional) A capacitor of 100 pF - 1 nF may be connected between CSU (charge-pump supply) and CGNDP (internal GND of charge pump).
16605
Figure 13. Application examples for programming different modes
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
9 (13)
U2896B
Test Circuit
V5 450 mVpp V2 450 mVpp
R1 V4 1.35V R2
R11 R12 V3 1.35V
1 2
C1
36 35 34 33 32 31
C9 C7 C8
3 4 5
3V
200MHz -10dBm
R3
C2
C3 3V
6 7 8 9 U2896B
3V
30 29 28 27
C12 C10 C11 900MHz -15dBm
3V, 5V C4
10 11
R4 V7 1.5V R5
3V
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 n.c. 19 n.c.
C15 C16 R14 200MHz -15dBm C13 C14 R13 1100MHz -15dBm
12 13 14
R6 C5
3V
15 16 17
200.1MHz -15dBm
R7
C6
MC MC Mode 1: 2.7 V Mode 2: 1.7 V Mode 3: 0 V
n.c. 18
Figure 14. Test circuit
10 (13)
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
U2896B
Application Circuit for DCS1800 (1710 - 1785 MHz)
R1 Baseband R2 R3 C1 R9
1 2
36 35 34 33 32 31
C12
R8 R10
Baseband
2nd LO -10dBm
C2 C3
3 4 5
3V
C4 3V
6 7 8 9
3V C13
30 29 28 U2896B 27
C16 C14 C15 VCO 880 to 915MHz 1710 to 1785MHz -20dBm 3V
3V, 5V Tuning voltage R4 C7 R5 C6 C5
10 11 12 13 14
R6 C9
26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19
C21 (optional, 100 pF - 1nF)
14904
C17 C18 1st LO -15dBm
3V C19 C20 L3 C29
15
L2 C11
C8 L1 10k VS2
C10
16 17 18
PCH
18k
Figure 15. Application circuit
Measurements
Modulation-Loop Settling Time
As valid for all PLL loops, the settling time depends on several factors. Figure 16 is an extraction from measurements performed in an arrangement like the application circuit. It shows that a loop settling time of a few s can be achieved.
Modulation Spectrum & Phase Error
CPC: 1 k to GND
CPC `open'
Vertical: VCO tuning voltage 1 V/Div Horizontal: Time 1s/Div
Figure 16.
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
11 (13)
U2896B
Package Information
Package SSO36
Dimensions in mm
9.6 9.1 5.6 5.2 4.5 4.3
1.3 0.2 0.5 8.45 36 19 0.15 0.05 0.12 6.6 6.3
technical drawings according to DIN specifications
13047
1
18
12 (13)
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
U2896B
Ozone Depleting Substances Policy Statement
It is the policy of Atmel Germany GmbH to 1. Meet all present and future national and international statutory requirements. 2. Regularly and continuously improve the performance of our products, processes, distribution and operating systems with respect to their impact on the health and safety of our employees and the public, as well as their impact on the environment. It is particular concern to control or eliminate releases of those substances into the atmosphere which are known as ozone depleting substances (ODSs). The Montreal Protocol (1987) and its London Amendments (1990) intend to severely restrict the use of ODSs and forbid their use within the next ten years. Various national and international initiatives are pressing for an earlier ban on these substances. Atmel Germany GmbH has been able to use its policy of continuous improvements to eliminate the use of ODSs listed in the following documents. 1. Annex A, B and list of transitional substances of the Montreal Protocol and the London Amendments respectively 2. Class I and II ozone depleting substances in the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the USA 3. Council Decision 88/540/EEC and 91/690/EEC Annex A, B and C (transitional substances) respectively. Atmel Germany GmbH can certify that our semiconductors are not manufactured with ozone depleting substances and do not contain such substances.
9.
We reserve the right to make changes to improve technical design and may do so without further notice. Parameters can vary in different applications. All operating parameters must be validated for each customer application by the customer. Should the buyer use Atmel Wireless & Microcontrollers products for any unintended or unauthorized application, the buyer shall indemnify Atmel Wireless & Microcontrollers against all claims, costs, damages, and expenses, arising out of, directly or indirectly, any claim of personal damage, injury or death associated with such unintended or unauthorized use. Data sheets can also be retrieved from the Internet: http://www.atmel-wm.com
Atmel Germany GmbH, P.O.B. 3535, D-74025 Heilbronn, Germany Telephone: 49 (0)7131 67 2594, Fax number: 49 (0)7131 67 2423
Rev. A3,
05-Oct-00
13 (13)

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